Hydrological monitoring in emergency: a critical review
This paper presents a critical review of hydrological monitoring in emergency situations. Hydrological monitoring is essential for understanding the impact of natural disasters such as floods and droughts on water resources. The paper discusses the importance of monitoring water levels, flow rates, and water quality in real-time to inform decision-making in emergency management. It also examines the challenges associated with hydrological monitoring, including data availability, reliability, and accuracy. The paper concludes by proposing solutions to address these challenges and highlights the need for further research in the field.
Abstract: Hydrological monitoring in emergency is essential for protecting lives and property, as well as for managing natural resources. This paper presents a review of current practices and challenges in emergency hydrological monitoring, with a focus on developing effective monitoring systems and techniques. The review includes an examination of different approaches to monitoring, including those that use remote sensing, in-situ sensors, and other monitoring tools. The findings highlight the need for integrated approaches to monitoring that can provide a comprehensive understanding of the situation, as well as the potential for using new technologies to enhance monitoring capabilities. The conclusion presents a set of recommendations to improve emergency hydrological monitoring, including developing integrated monitoring systems, using new technologies, and improving data management and communication.
Keywords: Emergency hydrological monitoring; remote sensing; in-situ sensors; monitoring systems; new technologies; data management; communication.
Introduction: Hydrological monitoring in emergency is essential for protecting lives and property from the impact of natural disasters such as floods, droughts, and landslides. It is also important for managing natural resources, such as water, and for environmental conservation. However, current practices in emergency hydrological monitoring often involve ad-hoc approaches that lack integration and continuity. This review presents an examination of current practices and challenges in emergency hydrological monitoring, with a focus on developing effective monitoring systems and techniques that can provide a comprehensive understanding of the situation.
Review: The review includes an examination of different approaches to monitoring, including those that use remote sensing, in-situ sensors, and other monitoring tools. Remote sensing techniques have been extensively used for monitoring water bodies and land cover changes, providing valuable information for decision-making. In-situ sensors have been used to monitor water quality and quantity, providing real-time data for emergency response. Other monitoring tools include manual observations, aerial photography, and satellite imagery.
However, current monitoring approaches have several challenges. One major challenge is the lack of integration between different monitoring systems. This leads to data fragmentation and inconsistent information, which can hinder effective decision-making. Another challenge is the limited capacity to process and analyze large amounts of data from multiple sources. This problem can be addressed by developing integrated monitoring systems that can combine data from different sources and provide a comprehensive understanding of the situation. Additionally, new technologies can be used to enhance monitoring capabilities, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques that can help in data processing and pattern recognition.
Conclusion: In conclusion, emergency hydrological monitoring is essential for protecting lives and property from natural disasters. However, current practices often lack integration and continuity, which can hinder effective decision-making. To improve emergency hydrological monitoring, several recommendations are made: developing integrated monitoring systems that can provide a comprehensive understanding of the situation; using new technologies to enhance monitoring capabilities; improving data management and communication; and strengthening cooperation among different organizations to ensure effective coordination. By implementing these recommendations, emergency hydrological monitoring can be made more effective and contribute to better management of natural resources and environmental conservation.
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